Fibromyalgia: Evidence for Deficits in Positive Psychology Resources. A Case-Control Study from the Al-Ándalus Project.

Positive psychology is the study of positive subjective experience and individual traits. Identifying deficits in positive psychology regarding fibromyalgia may inform targets for management. Therefore, the aim of the present case-control study was to compare the levels of positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair in a large sample of women with fibromyalgia (cases) and age-matched peers without fibromyalgia (controls). This case-control study included 437 women with fibromyalgia (51.6 ± 7.1 years old) and 206 age-matched women without fibromyalgia (50.6 ± 7.2 years old). Participants self-reported their levels of (i) subjective well-being on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, (ii) dispositional optimism on the Life Orientation Test-Revised and (iii) emotional repair on the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Women with fibromyalgia showed lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair and higher levels of negative affect. Large effect sizes were found for positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction with life (all, Cohen's d ≥ 0.80) and small-to-moderate for emotional repair and optimism (both, Cohen's d ≥ 0.50). Women with fibromyalgia experience deficits of positive psychology resources. Thus, developing tailored therapies for fibromyalgia focusing on reducing deficits in positive psychology resources may be of clinical interest, though this remains to be corroborated in future research.

Influence of Dynamic Balance on Jumping-Based Asymmetries in Team Sport: A between-Sports Comparison in Basketball and Handball Athletes.

The aims of the present study were to analyze mobility, dynamic balance and lower-limb strength and the prevalence of asymmetry according to the type of sport and assess the association between inter-limb asymmetry and sports performance. A total of 23 basketball and 25 handball players performed a test battery consisting of functional movements and a jump test. Inter-limb asymmetry was calculated using a standard percentage difference equation. A between-groups comparison analysis was carried out, and Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to establish a relationship between asymmetries and physical performance. The results found athletes in different sports to exhibit different performance in functional movements and the jump test, but no bilateral asymmetries. The reactive strength index (RSI) and stiffness asymmetries were significantly associated with the anterior reach Y-balance test (YBT) (r = -0.412; p < 0.01 and r = -0.359; p < 0.05, respectively), and the unilateral triple hop test (THTU) was negatively correlated to anterior reach, posterior lateral reach YBT and YBT composite YBT (r = -0.341 to -0.377; p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the asymmetries exhibited important dispersion not dependent upon the type of sport but on each individual and the applied test. In addition, asymmetry in anterior direction YBT showed the strongest association to the rest of the sports performance variables.

Decisive Factors for a Greater Performance in the Change of Direction and Its Angulation in Male Basketball Players.

A study was made to initially evaluate whether the age category directly could influence anthropometric measurements, functional movement tests, linear sprint (30 m) and strength. Moreover, and as the main purpose, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the time execution and angles in different changes of direction (COD) test with the analyzed sport performance variables. A total sample of 23 basketball players (age: 17.5 ± 2.42 years; height: 184.6 ± 6.68 cm; body weight: 78.09 ± 11.9 kg). Between-groups' comparison explored the differences between basketball categories (Junior, n = 12; Senior, n = 11). The COD variables were divided by the time execution into low responders (LR) and high responders (HR) to establish comparisons between groups related to COD time execution. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to establish correlations between different CODs and sport performance variables. The results showed a greater influence of age category upon COD performance, especially when the cutting angle was sharper (7.05% [Confidence limits (CL) 90%: 2.33; 11.99]; Quantitative chances (QC) 0/2/98), in which athletes need greater application of strength. Moreover, the sharper the angle or the larger the number of cuts made, the greater the relationship with the vertical force-velocity profile (-42.39 [CL 90%: -57.37; -22.16]; QC 100/0/0%). Thus, the usefulness of the f-v profile to implement training programs that optimize the f-v imbalance and the improvement of the COD performance in basketball players is suggested.

Functional Ability, Frailty and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: Relations with Autonomy in Daily Living.

The objective of this research was to determine the differences in autonomy in both basic activities of daily life in instrumental activities of daily life, as well as functional capacity, fragility and risk of falls between an active group and a sedentary group. The individual associations of functional capacity, fragility and risk of falls were also analyzed, with autonomy in basic activities of daily living and in instrumental activities of daily living in the active group. In this cross-sectional investigation, 139 people from Huelva between 65 and 87 years of age were evaluated (Mean (M) = 73.1; standard deviation (SD) = 5.86); 100 were women and 39 men. The active and sedentary group were composed of 69 and 70 elderly people, respectively. The active group carried out a physical activity program. Among the results, a significant effect was seen in the multivariate contrast of the study variables, V = 0.24, F (5, 137) = 8.58, and p < 0.001; while in the linear regressions in the active group, the Vivifrail with the Barthel Index (Δ Adj. R2 = 0.15) and with the Lawton and Brody Scale (Δ Adj. R2 = 0.22) were used. In conclusion, the active group presented better values in all the variables evaluated in comparison to the sedentary group, establishing statistically significant differences. In addition, in the active group, it has been found that functional capacity is a significant predictive variable of autonomy in instrumental activities of daily living (22%), while fragility and the risk of falls are significant predictors of autonomy in activities of basic daily life (15%).

Condición física relacionada con depresión y calidad de vida en personas mayores / Fitness related to depression and quality of life in older people / Condição física relacionada à depressão e qualidade de vida em idosos

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la relación de la condición física con la depresión y la calidad de vida en personas mayores sedentarias y no sedentarias de los centros sociales del Ayuntamiento de Huelva. En este sentido se han medido las variables: condición física (Senior Fitness Test), la depresión (Escala de Depresión Geriátrica) y calidad de vida (SF36). Valoramos a 63 personas mayores sedentarias de entre 60 y 87 años (M =71.2; DS = 5.81) y 66 no sedentarios de entre 60 y 87 años (M = 69.71; DS = 6.1). En función del género, en sedentarios el 22.2% fueron varones (n = 14) y un 77.8%, mujeres (n = 49) y en no sedentarios el 19.7% fueron hombres (n = 13) y el 80.3% mujeres (n=53). La condición física de las personas mayores sedentarias está unos puntos por encima de los no sedentarios, salvo los valores de fuerza. En cuanto a la depresión, las mujeres tienen un estado depresivo mayor que los hombres y con valores más altos en las sedentarias respecto a las no sedentarias. Finalmente, en cuanto a la relación entre nivel de condición física y la depresión, existe una relación positiva, sobre todo un nivel óptimo de fuerza favorece una menor depresión. Las conclusiones del estudio mostraron que la condición física de las personas mayores sedentarias está por encima de los no sedentarios, excepto los valores de fuerza. En términos de depresión, las mujeres tienen un estado depresivo más alto que los hombres y con valores más altos en sedentarios versus no sedentarios

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer a relação da condição física com a depressão e a qualidade de vida em idosos sedentários e não sedentários dos centros sociais da cidade de Huelva. Nesse sentido, as variáveis foram medidas: aptidão física (Senior Fitness Test), depressão (Geriatric Depression Scale) e qualidade de vida (SF36). Avaliamos 63 idosos sedentários entre 60 e 87 anos (M = 71,2; DP = 5,81) e 66 pessoas não sedentárias entre 60 e 87 anos (M = 69,71; DS = 6,1). Dependendo do sexo, 22,2% eram sedentários nos homens (n = 14) e 77,8%, mulheres (n = 49) e 19,7% nos homens não sedentários (n = 13) e 80,3% mulheres (n = 53). A condição física dos idosos sedentários está alguns pontos acima dos não sedentários, exceto pelos valores de força. Em relação à depressão, as mulheres apresentam um estado depressivo maior que os homens e com valores mais altos nas mulheres sedentárias do que nas não sedentárias. Finalmente, em relação à relação entre nível de condicionamento físico e depressão, existe uma relação positiva, especialmente um nível ótimo de força que favorece uma depressão menor. As conclusões do estudo mostraram que a condição física dos idosos sedentários está acima dos não sedentários, exceto os valores de força. Em termos de depressão, as mulheres têm um estado depressivo mais alto que os homens e com valores mais altos em sedentários versus não sedentários

This research aimed to concretize the relationship between physical fitness with depression and quality of life in the sedentary and non-sedentary older people of the social centres of the City of Huelva. We have measured the variables: Physical Fitness (Senior Fitness Test), depression (Geriatric Depression Scale) and quality of life (SF36). We evaluated 63 sedentary older people between 60 and 87 years old (M = 71.2; SD = 5.81) and 66 non-sedentary older people between 60 and 87 years old (M = 69.71; DS = 6.1). By gender, in sedentary older people 22.2% were men (n = 14) and 77.8% women (n = 49) and in non-sedentary 19.7 % were men (n = 13) and 80.3% women (n = 53). The physical fitness of the sedentary majors is some points above the non-sedentary ones, except the values of strength. In terms of depression, women have a higher depressive state than men and with higher values in sedentary versus non-sedentary. Finally, regarding the relationship between fitness level and depression, there is a positive relationship, especially an optimal level of strength favours a lower depression. The conclusions of the study emphasized that the physical fitness of the sedentary majors is above the non-sedentary ones, except the values of strength. In terms of depression, women have a higher depressive state than men and with higher values in sedentary versus non-sedentary